Wang S., Zheng Z., Weng Y., Yu Y., Zhang D., Fan W., Dai R., Hu Z. Angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis activity of Chinese medicinal herbal extracts. Inhibitory activity of. In addition, baicalein can inhibit xanthine oxidase activity and thus inhibit the production of oxygen free radicals during its metabolism [19]. Baicalin attenuates fibrogenic process in human renal proximal tubular cells (HK-2) exposed to diabetic milieu. Baicalin can inhibit tumor invasion and metastasis. . Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, It was found that FMP additives significantly increased the average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake, the ratio of body weight to feed, and the apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, and gross energy, and decreased the concentrations of ammonia, total thiol, and hydrogen sulfide. Among the different doses, a dose of 1.5 g/kg diet had the best effect on daily intake. London: Element. Botanical Pathways 2001;13:115-119. Nrf2 is the core transcription factor that regulates the cellular oxidative response. Baicalein can prevent the formation of bacterial biofilms and disrupt the biofilms and consequently reduce the production of staphylococcal enterotoxin A and -hemolysin, thereby inhibiting the growth of S. aureus [47]. Pain-related animal models were used to evaluate the analgesic activity of UP446 (a standard bioflavonoid component of baicalin and catechol). The extract of S. baicalensis has an in vitro inhibitory effect on tick-borne encephalitis virus via direct inhibition of the adsorption and intracellular replication of tick-borne encephalitis virus [57]. At present, the application of medicinal herbs and their extracts in animal production is still at the emerging stage. [29] examined the effects of baicalin on heat stress-induced apoptosis of bovine Sertoli cells using flow cytometry and found that pretreatment with baicalin at 1, 10, and 20 g/mL significantly reduced apoptosis induced by heat stress at 43 C for 1 h. There was a dose-dependent relationship between baicalin concentration and the rate of cell survival. | WHO Guidelines on Use of Medically Important Antimicrobials in Food-Producing Animals. The main bioactive compounds in the plant are baicalein and baicalin. Gao X., Guo M., Li Q., Peng L., Liu H., Zhang L., Bai X., Wang Y., Li J., Cai C. Plasma metabolomic profiling to reveal antipyretic mechanism of Shuang-huang-lian injection on yeast-induced pyrexia rats. The chemical components of S. baicalensis roots are mainly flavonoids, anthraquinones, lignin, organic acids, volatile oils, and other compounds. This paper summarizes the biological function of S. baicalensis and its application in sustainable animal production to provide a reference for future application of S. baicalensis and other medicinal herbs in animal production and disease treatment. Effect of adding fermented. Take 1 to 60 drops (5).1 oz. The antioxidant transfers one electron to the reactive oxygen radicals to generate the flavonoid radical cation [67]. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the study of medicinal herbs. Effect of baicalin-aluminum complexes on fecal microbiome in piglets. Liu et al. of the powdered herb to a pint of boiling water. This may alleviate the itching, gastrointestinal contraction, and other symptoms caused by type I, II, and IV allergic reactions in animals, without apparent side-effects [59,60,61,62,63,64,65]. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. However, if the plant extract supplements are provided to chickens infected with S. enteritidis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Lactobacillus spp., the bacterial genera with known positive effects on intestinal health are actively selected. The absorption rate of baicalin is low via oral administration. Chen Y., Lu N., Ling Y., Gao Y., Wang L., Sun Y., Qi Q., Feng F., Liu W., Liu W., et al. Accessed 19 September 2008. Varmuzova et al. S. baicalensis and its extracts can effectively promote the production performance of livestock and treat many animal diseases, such as mastitis. Application of, Huang C., Wang Y., He X., Jiao N., Zhang X., Qiu K., Piao X., Yin J. In China, Scutellaria baicalensis is still an important traditional Chinese medicine with the functions of clearing away heat and dampness, purging fire and detoxification. Effects of traditional Chinese medicine formula on ruminal fermentation, enzyme activities and nutrient digestibility of beef cattle. Relevant studies have shown that baicalin has a polyphenolic hydroxyl structure and prevents glyoxal-induced cystatin aggregation by affecting its aggregation process, which opens a new way for the treatment of protein misfolding diseases [75]. ); moc.361@uacsiewil (W.L. Bournemouth: British Herbal Medicine Association. Wogonoside inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo via toll-like receptor 4 signal transduction. Application of traditional chinese herbal medicine by-products as dietary feed supplements and antibiotic replacements in animal production. Baicalein can scavenge free radicals by decarboxylation in the body to regulate oxidative stress. It contains NLT 90% and NMT 110% of the labeled amount of total flavone glucuronides calculated as the sum of baicalein 7- O -glucuronide (C 21 H 18 O . Investigating the preventive effects of baicalin and gallocatechin against glyoxal-induced cystatin aggregation. Scutellaria baicalensisRoot consists of the dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Family Lamiaceae) collected in spring or autumn by removing fibrous roots and rough skin. 1 Introduction The best-known species of the genus Scutellaria is Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Baikal skullcap). Objectives. S. baicalensis roots inhibited the formation of radially segmented nuclei, showing anti-metastatic properties and phagocytosis of chicken heterophils. Baicalin effectively treats polyserositis caused by Glaesserella parasitis infection by alleviating the downregulation of mRNA for tight junctions, preventing the abnormalities, and maintaining the integrity of tight junctions, and is a potential natural medicine for the prevention and treatment of G. parasitis [124]. Gao Z., Huang K., Xu H. Protective effects of flavonoids in the roots of. In vitro antifungal activity of the flavonoid baicalein against. In a study by Zhao et al. It contains NLT 11% of total avone glucuronides calculated as the sum Baicalin is able to induce the apoptosis of tumor cells. In the writhing test and formalin test, a single dose of UP446 orally administered at 100 mg/kg body weight showed 58% and 72% inhibition of pain sensitivity, respectively [32]. All Monographs. 2003;10:640-649. [115] studied the potential alleviative effect of combined plant extracts of L. japonica and S. baicalensis (active ingredients are chlorogenic acid and baicalin) on intestinal damage and bacterial dysbiosis caused by Salmonella pullorum. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies [99] examined the effects of baicalin on the growth performance and intestinal bacterial community of broiler chickens at different doses supplemented to the basal diet and found that the average body weight of broilers in all treatment groups was increased compared with the control group. This Dry Extract is prepared from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi by extraction with water or hydroalcoholic mixtures. Ishfaq et al. Ishfaq M., Zhang W., Hu W., Waqas Ali Shah S., Liu Y., Wang J., Wu Z., Ahmad I., Li J. Antagonistic effects of baicalin on, Krliczewska B., Graczyk S., Krliczewski J., Pliszczak-Krl A., Mita D., Zawadzki W. Investigation of the immune effects of, Park J.H., Pi S.H., Kim I.H. Papadopoulou C., Leach N., Eckford S. Waste milk feeding, animal by-products regulations and antibiotic resistance. [94] evaluated the effect of the roots of S. baicalensis on the production performance of broilers and found that the addition of S. baicalensis roots to the diet (515 mg/kg diet) was able to increase broiler body weight and feed conversion efficiency but had no effects on the quality and chemical composition of broiler leg muscles. Baicalein has a strong scavenging effect on free radicals such as alkane peroxide and superoxide anion [45]. Li Q., Ge X. Efffect of baicalin on antipyresis and influence on cytokine. Manufactured chemical and antibiotic feed additives are widely used in animal husbandry, resulting in growing problems with antibiotic resistance and chemical residues, which are becoming limiting factors in animal husbandry [1,2,3,4]. Study on the germicidal efficacy and safety evaluation of a Chinese medicine semen disinfectant. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Numerous traditional uses of Scutellaria baicalensis have been conrmed by current investigations. Sign up is free and easy. In addition, baicalin extract has potential applications in the fields of anti-fibrosis, anti-cancer, anti-aging, anti-depression, and immune regulation [76,77,78,79,80]. Baicalin can effectively inhibit Mycoplasma gallisepticum induced immune deficiency and attenuate inflammatory response and apoptosis in the chicken bursa of Fabricius. S. baicalensis is a herb with a high medicinal value. Future actions and the World Health Organization action plan against antimicrobial resistance are based on best practices in implementing and monitoring the one health plans, supporting novel solutions to prevent and treat infections, thereby increasing the efforts in terms of combating antimicrobial resistance and related risks worldwide [8]. Abdallah A., Zhang P., Zhong Q., Sun Z. Among different treatments, the dose of 10 mg baicalein/kg diet had the highest body weight and the supplementation of 5 mg/kg baicalein to the diet increased the average daily feed intake. Baicalein is the aglycon form of baicalin, which is a typical component of S. baicalensis [19]. Principles and Practice of Phytotherapy. Scutellaria baicalensis is an herb that has roots of high medicinal value. Scutellaria baicalensis | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Apoptosis and necrosis of bovine mammary epithelial cells were associated with PVL, while baicalin could inhibit interleukin-producing S. aureus and consequently reduce apoptosis. A novel systems pharmacology platform to dissect action mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicines for bovine viral diarrhea disease. Baicalin and baicalein have significant protective effects on the oxidative injury of human neuronal cells induced by H2O2, and baicalein has stronger antioxidant activity than baicalin [43]. You J., Cheng J., Yu B., Duan C., Peng J. Baicalin, a Chinese herbal medicine, inhibits the proliferation and migration of human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells, A549 and H1299, by activating the SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway. Gafner S, Bergeron C, Batcha LL, Reich J, Arnason JT, Burdette JE et al. Scutellaria baicalensis could expand the scope of treatment for diseases. Cole IB, Cao J, Alan AR, Saxena PK, Murch SJ. DEFINITION Scutellaria baicalensis Root Powder consists of the dried roots (fibrous roots and rough skin removed) of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi reduced to a fine or very fine powder. Liu Y., Hong Z., Chen P., Wang J., Zhou Y., Huang J. Baicalin inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells by suppressing the AKT pathway. The addition of S. baicalensis extract to the diet at 1000 mg/kg diet can effectively alleviate diarrhea in weaned piglets and may reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa-B/mitogen activated protein kinase (NF-B/p38) signaling pathway, thereby improving intestinal health [103]. Scutellaria lateriflora - Southern Cross University Guo M., Zhang N., Li D., Liang D., Liu Z., Li F., Fu Y., Cao Y., Deng X., Yang Z. Baicalin plays an anti-inflammatory role through reducing nuclear factor-B and p38 phosphorylation in. Baicalin attenuates the levels of pro-inflammatory factors, and suppresses NF-B expression at the protein and miRNA levels, alleviating reduction in M. gallisepticum induced CD8+ cells and bacterial burden in the bursa [121]. Yun M.Y., Yang J.H., Kim D.K., Cheong K.J., Song H.H., Kim D.H., Cheong K.J., Kim Y.I., Shin S.C. Background SB, a species in the genus Scutellaria (family Lamiaceae) which its dried root is a TCM recorded in ChP (1st, 2020) [ 1 ], often been called Huangqin or Skullcap. Sohail A., Bhat W.F., Bhat S.A., Furkan M., Shah A., Bano B. Gao Z., Huang K., Yang X., Xu H. Free radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of flavonoids extracted from the radix of, Li J., Qiao Z., Hu W., Zhang W., Shah S.W.A., Ishfaq M. Baicalin mitigated. Skullcap is a flowering perennial plant native to North America (Scutellaria lateriflora) used for centuries by Native Americans to treat menstrual disorders, nervousness, digestive and kidney problems. In pregnancy category B2: Limited use in women causes no increase in frequency of malformation or side effects (11)In lactation category C: compatible with breast feeding (11). The Botanical Pharmacy. Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. [98] found that the dietary supplementation of S. baicalensis and L. japonica extracts could improve the growth performance of broilers, promote the development of immune organs, and improve the antioxidant function. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. The Use of Chinese Skullcap ( Scutellaria baicalensis ) and Its In addition, the combination of baicalein with fluconazole and other antifungal drugs can more effectively treat fungal infections such as Candida [50]. | Exploring native Scutellaria species provides insight into - Nature Missouri: Elsevier. Scutellaria baicalensis Root | Herbal Medicines Compendium Wang et al. A perennial herbaceous plant, which typically grows 30-60 cm in height. Baicalin improves the in vitro developmental capacity of pig embryos by inhibiting apoptosis, regulating mitochondrial activity and activating sonic hedgehog signaling. Shan C.H., Guo J., Sun X., Li N., Yang X., Gao Y., Qiu D., Li X., Wang Y., Feng M., et al. 20. Bae M.J., Shin H.S., See H.J., Jung S.Y., Kwon D.A., Shon D.H. Baicalein induces CD4(+)Foxp3(+) T cells and enhances intestinal barrier function in a mouse model of food allergy. The biological functions of S. baicalensis and its extracts and their applications in animal production and disease prevention are briefly described to form a reference for the future research and application of herbal preparations in animal production. Scutellaria baicalensis Root Powder - Herbal Medicines Compendium Nervine tonic (1,3,4,5,6,10,11)Sedative (1,7,11,12)Anti-spasmodic (1,4,5,6,10)Anti-convulsant (3,7,12)Anti-psychotic (3)Anti-inflammatory (4,7)Anxiolytic (3,4) Antioxidant (8,9)Trophorestorative (15). It has been proven that medicinal herbs can effectively improve the utilization of feed protein, and the performance of growth and reproduction in animals [10,11], modulate rumen fermentation towards high efficiency [12,13,14], increase feed intake and digestibility by affecting feed intake behaviors and the secretion of digestive enzymes [14], alleviate the effects of stress by enhancing antioxidant ability [15,16], and consequently improve the health status of animals. Thus, medicinal herbs as alternative natural feed additives to replace chemicals and antibiotics have attracted much attention [17]. London: Tiger Books International. All Monographs S | Herbal Medicines Compendium Dietary supplementation of. S. baicalensis exerts antiallergic effects mainly by inhibiting the mast cell degranulation process and inhibiting the release of the histamine slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A). ELISA and qPCR analysis showed that baicalin dose-dependently inhibited the formation of IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-. While the author and editor have strived to cite published information accurately, Southern Cross University will not be responsible for any inaccuracies that may have occurred. With the increasing pressure to address the problems of bacterial resistance and drug residues, medicinal herbs are gradually taking a more important role in animal production. [101] evaluated the dietary supplementation of fermented medicinal plants (FMP) consisting of Gynura procumbens, R. glutinosa and S. baicalensis in weaned piglets. Zhang J., Zhang Z., Xu J., Ye C., Fu S., Hu C.A., Qiu Y., Liu Y. 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132109, China; moc.621@1243sby (B.Y. Thus, they are of great value in the prevention and treatment of animal diseases. ; funding acquisition, X.S. The antipyretic effect of baicalin is via inhibiting the hydroxyl radical pathway of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor in the hypothalamus and accumulating TNF- during fever. Effects of wogonin, a plant flavone from, Seong R.K., Kim J.A., Shin O.S. Conceptualization, X.S. Fu S., Zhuang F., Guo L., Qiu Y., Xiong J., Ye C., Liu Y., Wu Z., Hou Y., Hu C.A.A. Baicalin could promote apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells (SW1990 cell line) via dose-dependent upregulation of the expression of mitochondrial Bax (Bcl2-associated Xprotein) and cleavage-type enzymes caspase-3, and p53, consequently significantly decreasing B-cell lymphoma/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) protein levels, possibly activating c-Jun N-terminal kinase/forkhead box protein O1/Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death (JNK/Foxo1/BIM) pathway [39]. Zeng Q., Zhang Y., Zhang W., Guo Q. Baicalein suppresses the proliferation and invasiveness of colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting Snail-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The study on the effects of Chinese herbal mixtures on growth, activity of post-ruminal digestive enzymes and serum antioxidant status of beef cattle. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. (Lamiaceae): a review of its Wogonin, a flavonoid isolated from, Qiu F., Meng L., Chen J., Jin H., Jiang L. In vitro activity of five flavones from, Leonova G.N., Shutikova A.L., Lubova V.A., Maistrovskaya O.S. The chemical structure is shown in Figure 1. DEFINITION Scutellaria baicalensis Root consists of the dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Fam. Safety surveillance of traditional Chinese medicine: Current and future. Malondialdehyde levels in serum and meat tissues were reduced. Gheisar M.M., Cheong J.Y., Zhao P., Kim I.H. S. baicalensis has a long history as a medicinal herb due to its extensive biological and pharmacological activities. It mainly grows at an altitude of 602000 m in sandy soil on sunny slope land. The plant is natively distributed in East Asia and widely cultivated in European and American countries. Cheng et al. Animals : an Open Access Journal from MDPI, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, Avian infectious laryngotracheitis, tick borne encephalitis, Improve growth performance, immunity, and antioxidant activity, Increase broiler body weight and feed conversion efficiency, Alter the contents of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, and iron in plasma and affect meat quality, Increase egg weight, decrease microbial content in the cecum, reduce the amount of propylene glycol in eggs and delay lipid oxidation in eggs, Reduce intestinal inflammation and improve production performance, Improve growth performance, promote the development of immune organs, and improve the antioxidant function, Improve growth performance, blood parameters, nutrient digestibility, and meat quality, Enhance appetite, increase average daily intake, reduce feed-to-weight ratio and diarrhea rate, and improve the feed reward, Improve growth performance and manipulate intestinal microflora, 10 mg/kg BW, 1 time/d, 5 d; intramuscular injection, 212.5 mg/time, 2 times/d, 5 d; oral administration, Decrease weight loss and improve litter performance, Reduce incidence of mastitis and improve milk yield. Scutellaria baicalensis, also known as Chinese skullcap or Baikal skullcap, is a perennial herb of the family Lamiaceae. Chen W., Li B., Li S., Ou Y.W., Ou Q. In China, Scutellaria baicalensis is still an important traditional Chinese medicine with the functions of clearing away heat and dampness, purging fire and detoxification. Monograph Skullcap Scutellaria lateriflora L.: An American nervine Roy Upton , R.H. DAyu Add to Mendeley https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2012.06.004 Get rights and content Abstract The efficacy and safety of herbal medicines are dependent upon the standards by which they are made and our knowledge base when prescribing them. The main active compounds are baicalin and baicalein. London: The National Association of Medical Herbalists of Great Britain, Ltd. 11. As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. In this review, we summarize the active compounds, biological functions, and applications of S. baicalensis in the production of livestock and provide a guideline for the application of natural medicines in the production and treatment of diseases. Lv J.F., Wen A.Y., Ning K.J., Li L., Jiang J.P., Lu Z.X., Liu C., Ying R.H., Feng B.M. Ren X., Zhang Y., Li C., Wang H., Jiang Z., Zhang Z., Guo Q., Song G., Bi K., Jiang G. Enhancement of baicalin by hexamethylene bisacetamide on the induction of apoptosis contributes to simultaneous activation of the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways in human leukemia cells. Baicalein inhibits tumor cell development by modulating different metabolic signaling pathways, as well as decreasing tumor growth and metastasis rates, significantly decreasing CD31 (an endothelial cell marker) and -smooth muscle actin (-SMA, a parietal cell marker) expression and inducing cell death in tumor tissues [51]. Flavonoids - predominantly baicalein and its glycoside baicalin as well as scutellarein, scutellarin and wogonin. Systemic inflammation is more common in early lactation dairy cows and can result in a decline in milk production. Widely distributed biologically active substances of Scutellaria baicalensis are flavonoids (baicalin, baicalein, vogonin and vogonoside), which are responsible for the antitumor activity. The other one is a single electron transfer mechanism. Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract Application in Cosmetics Additional information will be required to complete the development. In addition, skullcap contains apigenin, hispidulin and luteolin (2,4,7). It can induce the activity of the antioxidative reactive protein (Ares) and thus inhibit the formation of oxidative free radicals (ROS), consequently reducing oxidative stress to keep the stability of the intracellular environment [25]. Song X., Chen Y., Sun Y., Lin B., Qin Y., Hui H., Li Z., You Q., Lu N., Guo Q. Oroxylin A, a classical natural product, shows a novel inhibitory effect on angiogenesis induced by lipopolysaccharide. Baicalin is widely used to treat viral diseases such as bovine viral diarrhea and enteritis [127]. It has been used as a traditional medicine for more than 2,000 years in China; and it has been officially listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The free radical scavenging and antioxidant effects of baicalin and baicalein can be used to effectively treat free radical and oxidative stress-related diseases. Supplementation with crushed rapeseed causes reduction of methane emissions from lactating dairy cows on pasture. The addition of an appropriate dose (10 mg/kg diet) of baicalein in the diet could promote the growth of broilers and modulate the intestinal microbial community. DEFINITION Scutellaria baicalensis Root Dry Extract is prepared from the dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi by extraction with water or hydroalcoholic mixtures. 1 It's rich in nutrients, including antioxidants known as flavonoids that reduce the effects of stress on the body. Chen Y., Liu T., Wang K., Hou C., Cai S., Huang Y., Du Z., Huang H., Kong J., Chen Y. Baicalein inhibits. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Wogonin also inhibits H2O2-induced angiogenesis by inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and NF-B signaling pathway [91]. In addition, baicalein can reduce the pathogenic ability of bacteria such as S. aureus and E. coli by disrupting their cell wall integrity, reducing bacterial enzymatic activities, and inhibiting bacterial energy production and nucleotide synthesis [48]. Dietary supplementation of S. baicalensis extracts improves growth performance, blood parameters, nutrient digestibility, and meat quality of broilers [113]. Baicalin was able to effectively treat co-infection caused by M. gallinarum and E. coli [122]. It contains NLT 11% of total flavone glucuronides calculated as the sum of baicalein 7-O-glucuronide (C21H18O11) and wogonin 7-O-glucuronide (C22H20O11) on the dried basis; and NMT 3.5% of total flavone aglycons calculated as the sum of baicalein (C15H10O5) and wogonin (C16H12O5) on the dried basis. Skullcap thrives in damp environments such as on riverbanks, in woods and thickets (2,4). the contents by NLM or the National Institutes of Health. Effects and mechanism of baicalin for treating diarrheic piglets. The IUPAC name of baicalin is (2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-(5,6-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenylchromen-7-yl)oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxy-tetrahydropyran-2-carboxylic acid, or also known as baicalein 7-O-glucuronide. Chevallier A. Arctii Fructus inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation and MMPs mediated invasion via AMPK. Liu J.J., Huang T.S., Cheng W.F., Lu F.J. Baicalein and baicalin are potent inhibitors of angiogenesis: Inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Zhang T., Chen J., Wang C., Shi W., Li D. The therapeutic effect of Yinhuangerchen mixture on avian infectious laryngotracheitis. DEFINITION. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Yang W., Li H., Cong X., Wang X., Jiang Z., Zhang Q., Qi X., Gao S., Cao R., Tian W. Baicalin attenuates lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation and apoptosis of cow mammary epithelial cells by regulating NF-B and HSP72. Baicalein protects chicken embryonic cardiomyocyte against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury via - and - but not -opioid receptor signaling. Therefore, it is particularly important to study monomer compounds present in medicinal herbs. The chemical composition of the composite preparations is complicated, which makes it challenging to elucidate mechanisms of actions and results in unstable effects. S. baicalensis and its extracts have a strong anti-inflammatory function, participate in the regulation of a variety of inflammatory factors, and also have cartilage protection effects [52]. Synergistic effects of baicalein with ciprofloxacin against NorA over-expressed methicillin-resistant, Qian M., Tang S., Wu C., Wang Y., He T., Chen T., Xiao X. Synergy between baicalein and penicillins against penicillinase-producing. Thus, FMP can be used to improve growth performance and nutrient digestibility, mitigate harmful gas emissions from feces, and reduce the early diarrhea rate of weaned piglets. 1 | Wang H.F., Yang W.R., Wang Y.X., Yang Z.B., Cui Y.H.
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